Effectiveness of Video Assisted Teaching Programme on Knowledge regarding Ill effects of Substance Abuse among nursing students of selected Nursing College, Bangalore
Asha Sajji*, Abhiya Bijers, Anjala James, Anumol Varghese, Ashmini R.
Department of Medical Surgical Nursing, Raja Rajeswari College of Nursing, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India.
*Corresponding Author E-mail: ashasajji@gmail.com
ABSTRACT:
Background of the study: Substance abuse has emerged as one of the major problems in most of the developed and developing countries, undoubtedly proven to a major hindrance in the proper growth and development of individual society, nation, and world as a whole. Adolescents start using harmful and illegal substance at younger age affects their physical growth, emotional development, school performance and general health as well. Objectives: 1. to assess the existing level of knowledge regarding ill effects of substance abuse among nursing students in selected nursing schools. 2. To determine the effectiveness of video assisted teaching programme on knowledge regarding ill effects of substance abuse. 3. To find the association between post test knowledge scores with their selected demographic variables. Design: Pre-experimental one group pre test post test design was selected for the study. Sixty 1st year B. Sc. Nursing students were selected through non-probability convenience sampling technique. Data was collected using a self-structured knowledge questionnaire. Results: Findings revealed that, the mean score of post-test knowledge 21.1±4.44 was higher than mean score of pre-test knowledge 10.7±5.83. The calculated t-value 54.21 was found to be significant at p<0.05 level. Conclusion: Study concluded that the video assisted teaching programmes are effective in enhancing the knowledge regarding ill effects of drug abuse.
KEYWORDS: Video assisted teaching programme, Knowledge, Ill effects of substance abuse.
INTRODUCTION:
A drug is any substance that acts like a medicine or when consumed in excess amount may have toxic effect as it enters the human body. Drug dependence can be defined as a state of sporadic or chronic intoxication damaging to the individual and the society produced by the frequent intake of habit starting drugs.1
Substance abuse refers to over use of a drug that is harmful to the individual and the society. Substance abuse may lead to physical dependence or psychological dependence or both. Amphetamine, barbiturates, diazepam, methaqualone, and many other sedative drugs produces physical dependence. When an individual is deprived of these substances start exhibiting withdrawal symptoms which can be dangerous and may lead to severe convulsions and even death. The withdrawal syndrome caused by alcohol is similar to that of barbiturates.2
The extent of worldwide psychoactive substance abuse is estimated at 2 billion alcohol users, 1.3 billion smokers and 185 million illicit drug users. In an initial estimate of factors responsible for the global burden of diseases, tobacco, alcohol and illicit drugs together contributed 12.4% of all deaths worldwide in the year 2000. India is the second most populous and substance producer in the world.3
According to a new report published jointly by the UN Office on Drugs and Crime and India's Ministry of Social Justice, millions of Indians are dependent on alcohol, cannabis, and many narcotic drugs. Mishandling and illegal use of drugs has become one of the major concerns for Indian society. A survey report shows that, 62.5 million population of India are addicted to alcohol consumption, 8.75 million are addicted with cannabis, 2 million people consume opiates and 0.6 million population is addicted to sedative drugs. According to this survey report, majority of the drug abusers are mostly the younger population.4
The mental health of students in India is a major concern, because of the high rates of substance abuse among them. Factors like peer pressure, lack of resources and support are leading the students to get addicted to many harmful substances which can cause a range of mental health issues like depression, anxiety, and psychosis. It may also cause serious chronic physical health problems like liver diseases and addiction.5
OBJECTIVES:
Objectives of the study were as follows:
1. To assess the existing knowledge about ill effects of substance abuse among nursing students in selected nursing schools.
2. To evaluate the effectiveness of video assisted teaching programme on knowledge regarding ill effects of substance abuse
3. To determine the association between post test knowledge scores with their selected demographic variables.
MATERIALS AND METHODS:
This research study was conducted using a pre-experimental one group pre test post test design. Data were collected using a self-structured knowledge questionnaire from sixty 1st year B. Sc. Nursing students who were selected through non-probability convenience sampling technique. The study was carried out after obtaining the informed consent from study participants by assuring that the responses obtained from them would be kept confidential and would be used only for the study purpose. And also approval was obtained from the institutional ethical committee to carry out the study. Tool consisted the details about demographic data like age in completed years, gender, family type, father’s occupation, mother’s occupation and area of residence and a pre tested self structured knowledge questionnaire which consisted of 31 items on knowledge regarding substance abuse. Further the knowledge questionnaire was divided in to 5 sections like general aspects of substance abuse (5 items), ill effects of smoking (7 items), ill effects of tobacco chewing (5 items), ill effects of alcohol consumption (6 items) and preventive measures (8 items). Knowledge questionnaire was distributed to the study participants and were provided with 60 minutes to answer the questions including the demographic data. Following this, the study participants were taught about the ill effects of substance abuse for 60 minutes and the post-test was conducted 1 week later to determine the gain in knowledge about ill effects of substance abuse. Responses were scored as ‘one’ point for correct answer and ‘zero’ point for incorrect answer. The maximum possible score was 31. The obtained data were entered in Excel Sheet and analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics.
RESULTS AND INTERPRETATION:
Table 1: Frequency and percentage distribution of nursing students according to their demographic variables n=60
|
Demographic Variables |
Frequency |
Percentage |
|
Age in years |
||
|
18-20 years |
46 |
76.6 |
|
21-23 years |
14 |
23.4 |
|
Gender |
||
|
Male |
10 |
16.6 |
|
Female |
50 |
83.3 |
|
Type of Family |
||
|
Nuclear family |
34 |
57 |
|
Joint family |
12 |
20 |
|
Extended family |
14 |
23 |
|
Father's occupation |
||
|
Agriculture |
34 |
56.6 |
|
Private company |
16 |
26.6 |
|
Government |
8 |
13.3 |
|
Business |
2 |
3.3 |
|
Mother's occupation |
||
|
House wife |
38 |
63.3 |
|
Private company |
15 |
25 |
|
Government |
5 |
8.3 |
|
Business |
2 |
3.3 |
|
Religion |
||
|
Hindu |
34 |
57 |
|
Christian |
12 |
20 |
|
Muslim |
14 |
23 |
|
Place of Residence |
||
|
Urban |
38 |
63.3 |
|
Rural |
22 |
36.6 |
Table 2: Mean, standard deviation and ‘t’ value of knowledge scores (n=60)
|
Knowledge |
Mean |
SD |
paired 't' value |
‘p’ value |
|
Pre test |
10.7 |
5.83 |
54.21 |
p<0.05 |
|
Post test |
21.1 |
4.44 |
*Significant at p<0.05, df=49
Table 3: Factors associated with knowledge of student nurses regarding ill effects of substance abuse with demographic variables
n=60
|
Variables |
No. of subjects |
Post test score |
Chi- square |
||
|
Adequate |
Moderate |
Inadequate |
|||
|
Age |
|||||
|
18-20 |
46 |
3 |
43 |
0 |
1.98, df=1, S |
|
21-23 |
14 |
3 |
11 |
0 |
|
|
Gender |
|||||
|
Male |
10 |
3 |
7 |
0 |
5.32 df=1, NS |
|
Female |
50 |
3 |
47 |
0 |
|
|
Type of Family |
|||||
|
Nuclear |
34 |
2 |
32 |
0 |
1.48 df=2 S |
|
Joint |
12 |
2 |
10 |
0 |
|
|
Extended |
14 |
2 |
12 |
0 |
|
|
Father’s Occupation |
|||||
|
Agriculture |
34 |
2 |
32 |
0 |
1.05 df=3 S |
|
Private |
16 |
2 |
14 |
0 |
|
|
Government |
8 |
1 |
7 |
0 |
|
|
Business |
2 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
|
|
Mother’s Occupation |
|||||
|
House wife |
38 |
2 |
36 |
0 |
5.14 df=3 S |
|
Private |
15 |
2 |
13 |
0 |
|
|
Government |
5 |
1 |
4 |
0 |
|
|
Business |
2 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
|
|
Religion |
|||||
|
Hindu |
34 |
2 |
32 |
0 |
1.48 df=2 S |
|
Christian |
12 |
2 |
10 |
0 |
|
|
Muslim |
14 |
2 |
12 |
0 |
|
|
Place of Residence |
|||||
|
Urban |
38 |
3 |
35 |
0 |
0.5 df=1 S |
|
Rural |
22 |
3 |
19 |
0 |
|
S-Significant at p<0.05, NS- Not significant at p<0.05
Table 1 revealed the sociodemographic variables, where majority of the study participants 76.6% were between 18-20-year old with 83.3% being females among them and 57% were from nuclear family. 56.6% participants father’s occupation was agriculture and 63.3% participants mothers were house wives. About 57% of the respondents belonged to Hindu community with 63.3% being the residents of urban are.
Table 2 depicts the comparison of pre-test and post-test knowledge scores regarding ill effects of substance abuse among student nurses. Data reveals that the mean score of post-test knowledge 21.1±4.44 was higher than mean score of pre-test knowledge 10.7±5.83. The calculated t-value 54.21 is significant at p<0.05 level.
Table 3: depicts that there is a significant association of knowledge with age, type of family, occupation of father and mother, religion, place of residence and no association was found with gender.
DISCUSSION:
Current study was undertaken to evaluate whether the teaching programme using video assistance was effective in bringing change in the knowledge of study subjects about ill effects of substance abuse among nursing students and the results revealed the effectiveness of intervention. Comparable findings were reported in a study conducted by Simon et al, where 76% of the study participants had average knowledge in pre-test and was increased to 80% in post-test after the intervention indicating the impact of teaching on knowledge.6 Similarly, a research carried out by Tinita Devi et al, demonstrated that teaching programme had high impact on enhancing the knowledge of study subjects about substance abuse and the related ways to prevent it.7 A study found the teaching programme assisted by video is highly effective in increasing the knowledge of study participants about drug abuse effects.8 Jaini et al, found that 43.43% participants under study had average knowledge regarding ill effects of alcohol consumption with a mean score of 12.43±2.645 in pre-test and post test results revealed that 65.33% participants had average knowledge with mean score was 19.60±2.599 indicated the impact of intervention and it was congruent with the present study findings.9 A study findings reported that the tobacco consumers knowledge about oral cancer prevention was improved significantly after they underwent a teaching programme through video assistance.10 Jan et al, reported that the mean score of pre-test was 8.35 and was increased to 24.03 in post test after the teaching programme suggesting the effectiveness of intervention.11 Present study findings were supported by Singh et al, which states that 68.33% participants had satisfactory knowledge, 6.67% had poor knowledge and 21% had excellent knowledge in pre-test and in post test 80% participants had good knowledge level, 20% had excellent knowledge. These findings indicated the effectiveness of teaching programme on changing the knowledge of study participants regarding substance abuse.12 Similar findings which reports that the video assisted teaching programme is a effective method to improve the knowledge of study participants. 13,14 A study carried out by Benitto reports that the mean post test knowledge scores were significantly higher than the mean pre-test knowledge scores suggesting the increase in knowledge regarding ill effects of substance abuse on health and its preventive measures among adolescents.15
CONCLUSION:
Based on the results, it was concluded that the teaching programmes with the assistance of videos are effective methods in improving the understanding and knowledge and hence more educational and informative teaching activities must be incorporated in the nursing curriculum about the ill effects of substance abuse and the ways to overcome them.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT:
We extend our thanks to the nursing students who participated in the study and the authorities who provided permission to conduct the study.
CONFLICTS OF INTEREST:
None.
ETHICAL APPROVAL:
Approved.
REFERENCES:
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13. Israel Jeba Prabu and Janet Anbumani. A Study to Assess the effectiveness of Video Assisted Teaching Programme on the level of knowledge regarding Blood Donation among GNM 1st year students of AMT School, Jammu. International Journal of Advances in Nursing Management. 2020; 8(2): 127-132.
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Received on 29.05.2024 Revised on 02.07.2024 Accepted on 07.08.2024 Published on 20.11.2024 Available online on December 28, 2024 Int. J. of Advances in Nursing Management. 2024;14(4):181-184. DOI: 10.52711/2454-2652.2024.00039 ©A and V Publications All right reserved
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